North-West Frontier of India

The following operations of the North-West Frontier of India are described and illustrated under this title:

Black Mountain Expedition of 1888:  The Black Mountain Expedition of October to November 1888, also known as the ‘Hazara Field Force 1888’; one of the first major campaigns on the North-West Frontier of India in the last two decades of the 19^th Century.

Black Mountain Expedition of 1891:  Black Mountain Expedition 1891, from 1^st March to 29th May 1891; the follow-up to the operation in 1888.

Waziristan 1894:  The spectacular pre-dawn attack on the British/Indian Army camp at Wana in Waziristan on 3^rd November 1894 by 2,000 Mahsud tribesmen, led by the radical Muslim preacher, the Mullah Powindah and the short campaign that followed.

Siege and Relief of Chitral:  The siege and relief of the fort at Chitral in the remote mountainous region beyond the North-West Frontier of India, held by Sikh and Kashmiri soldiers and their British officers from 3^rd March to 20^th April 1895; that caused such a stir in late Victorian Britain.

Malakand Rising 1897:  The tribal attack on the Malakand frontier station on the North-West Frontier of India between 26^th July and 22^nd August 1897; marking the beginning of the uprisings along the frontier and described by Winston Churchill in his book ‘The Malakand Field Force’.

Malakand Field Force 1897:  The operations of the Malakand Field Force against the Mamund tribe from 8^th September 1897 to 12^th October 1897, on the North-West Frontier of India, described by Winston Churchill in his book ‘The Story of the Malakand Field Force’.

Mohmand Field Force 1897: The Mohmand Field Force, between 7^th August and 1^st October 1897; the British operation against the Hadda Mulla and the Mohmand tribe, in the face of the spreading uprising along the North-West Frontier of India in 1897.

Tirah 1897: The extensive operation in the Tirah to the south of the Khyber Pass that followed the attacks by the Afridi tribes in the Khyber Pass and the attacks by the Orakzais on the Samana Range forts, part of the risings that engulfed the North-West Frontier of British India in 1897